RoHS is a mandatory standard established by EU legislation, and its full name is the "Restriction of Hazardous Substances" directive. This standard has been officially implemented since July 1, 2006, mainly used to standardize the material and process standards of electronic and electrical products, making them more conducive to human health and environmental protection. The purpose of this standard is to eliminate six substances in electrical and electronic products, including lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (note: the correct Chinese name for PBDE refers to polybrominated diphenyl ethers, which is an incorrect statement), and specifically stipulates that the lead content cannot exceed 0.1%.

2、 Instructions

The European Parliament and the European Commission published the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE Directive) and the Restriction of Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (RoHS Directive) in their Official Gazette on February 13, 2003

The RoHS Directive and the WEEE Directive stipulate that there are ten categories of 102 products included in the management of hazardous substance restrictions and scrap recycling, and the first seven categories of products are the main exported electrical products in China. This includes large household appliances, small household appliances, information and communication equipment, consumer products, lighting equipment, electrical and electronic tools, toys, leisure and sports equipment, medical equipment (excluding implanted or infected products), monitoring and control instruments, and vending machines.

Phase 1:
Electronic information products placed on the market should be labeled with environmental protection usage periods, indicating the names, contents, components, and recyclability of toxic or harmful substances or elements contained therein; On the packaging of electronic information products, the name of the packaging material should be indicated. It can be carried out in accordance with the requirements of standards SJ/T 11363-2006, SJ/T 11364-2006, SJ/T 11365-2006, and GB 18455-2001.
Phase 2:
Products entering the key management directory (under development) must ensure that toxic and harmful substances in the product have been replaced, or that the content does not exceed the limit standard and has passed mandatory product certification (CCC certification)
3、 RoHS Scope:

Only for new products launched on the market from July 1, 2006. Including household incandescent bulbs and light sources.

Should not violate special instructions or regulations regarding safety and health requirements - Vehicle ELV, Automotive Directive; Battery Directive, 91/157/EEC, 93/86/EEC&98/101/EC

Excluding: medical equipment or monitoring devices (WEEE Directive Categories 8 and 9); Maintenance spare parts that were put on the market before July 1, 2006; Reuse products that were originally launched on the market before July 1, 2006.

RoHS targets all electrical and electronic products that may contain the six harmful substances mentioned above in their production processes and raw materials, including white goods such as refrigerators, washing machines, microwaves, air conditioners, vacuum cleaners, water heaters, and black goods such as audio and video products, DVD，CD， TV receivers, IT products, digital products, communication products, etc; Electric tools, electric electronic toys, medical electrical equipment.

1. Examples of lead (Pb) using this substance: solder, glass, PVC stabilizer

2. Mercury (Hg) (Mercury) Examples of using this substance: thermostats, sensors, switches and relays, light bulbs

3. Examples of using cadmium (Cd): switches, springs, connectors, housings and PCBs, contacts, batteries

4. Hexavalent chromium (Cr 6+) Example of using this substance: Metal anti-corrosion coating

5. Examples of using polybrominated biphenyls (PBBS): flame retardants, PCB、 Connectors, plastic casing

6. Examples of using polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE): flame retardants, PCB、 Connectors, plastic casing

4、 Testing principles

According to the EU WEEE&RoHS directive, qualified third-party testing institutions in China separate products based on their materials and conduct testing for harmful substances using different materials. Generally speaking:

Metal materials need to be tested for four harmful metal elements, such as Cd, cadmium, Pb, lead, Hg, mercury, Cr6, and hexavalent chromium

In addition to checking for these four harmful heavy metal elements, plastic materials also need to be tested for brominated flame retardants (PBB/PBDE)

At the same time, packaging materials of different materials also need to be tested for heavy metals separately (94/62/EEC)

The following are the upper limit concentrations for six hazardous substances specified in RoHS:

Cadmium: less than 100ppm

Lead: less than 1000ppm

Less than 3500ppm in steel alloy

Less than 4000ppm in aluminum alloy

Less than 40000 ppm in copper alloy

Mercury: less than 1000ppm

Hexavalent chromium: less than 1000ppm

5、 The 27 member states of the European Union:

The United Kingdom (withdrew from the European Union in 2016), France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Denmark, Ireland, Greece, Spain, Portugal, Austria, Sweden, Finland, Cyprus, Hungary, Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Romania.

6、 The RoHS directive covers electronic and electrical products listed in the catalog below AC1000V and DC1500V:

1. Large household appliances: refrigerators, washing machines, microwaves, air conditioners, etc

2. Small household appliances: vacuum cleaner, iron, hair dryer, oven, clock, etc

3. IT and communication equipment: computers, fax machines, telephones, mobile phones, etc

4. Civilian devices: radios, televisions, video recorders, musical instruments, etc

5. Lighting fixtures: fluorescent lamps, other than household lighting, lighting control devices, etc

6. Electric tools: electric drill, lathe, welding, spray, etc

7. Toys/entertainment, sports equipment: electric vehicles, video game consoles, automatic gambling machines, etc

8. Medical devices: radiation therapy equipment, electrocardiogram testing equipment, analytical instruments, etc

9. Monitoring/control devices: smoke detectors, incubators, factory monitoring and control machines, etc

10. The vending machine not only includes the entire product, but also the components, raw materials, and packaging used in the production of the entire machine, which is related to the entire production chain.

7、 Testing method

Send the relevant products to a professional laboratory for testing. The products should be separated into single and uniform materials for testing, including six harmful substances such as lead, cadmium, mercury, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), to determine whether they meet the requirements of the RoHS directive. If they meet the requirements, a RoHS compliance report and certificate can be obtained. If they do not meet the requirements, the products must be rectified or replaced with products that meet the requirements.

8、 Detailed testing process of ROHS certification body:

Mail samples → Apply for payment → Test → Issue test report